chad country name origin

Chad is one of several potential sites for the cradle of humankind in Africa following the discovery of the seven-million-year-old human-like skull, now known as the Toumaï ('Hope of life') skull. The meaning of Chad is "Battle". [26][27] The president favoured his own Toubou ethnic group and discriminated against his former allies, the Zaghawa. Resentment towards his policies in the Muslim north culminated in the eruption of a long-lasting civil war in 1965. Density is 0.1/km2 (0.26/sq mi) in the Saharan Borkou-Ennedi-Tibesti Region but 52.4/km2 (136/sq mi) in the Logone Occidental Region. [90], There have been numerous rebel groups in Chad throughout the last few decades. - BabyCenter India The 2010 feature film A Screaming Man won the Jury Prize at the 2010 Cannes Film Festival, making Haroun the first Chadian director to enter, as well as win, an award in the main Cannes competition. ... Name Origin Research 1980 - 2017. [40][47], Each year a tropical weather system known as the intertropical front crosses Chad from south to north, bringing a wet season that lasts from May to October in the south, and from June to September in the Sahel. [72] A small proportion of the population continues to practice indigenous religions. This great little boy name has a natural allure. [10][40], Chad's official languages are Arabic and French, but over 100 languages and dialects are spoken. [133] Carcaje is a popular sweet red tea extracted from hibiscus leaves. Name Chad Categories. [69] 21.5% were Catholic and a further 16.6% were Protestant. [36], Chad is currently one of the leading partners in a West African coalition in the fight against Boko Haram. CHAD Name Meaning and History. But, the rebel commanders fought amongst themselves until Hissène Habré defeated his rivals. Itinerant Muslim preachers, primarily from Sudan, Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan, also visit. [61], Urban life is concentrated in the capital, whose population is mostly engaged in commerce. However, if the National Assembly rejects the executive branch's programme twice in one year, the president may disband the Assembly and call for new legislative elections. Other instruments and their combinations are more linked to specific ethnic groups: the Sara prefer whistles, balafones, harps and kodjo drums; and the Kanembu combine the sounds of drums with those of flute-like instruments. The name Chad is in the following categories: Old English Names, Places Names, Saints Names. Hissène Habré was overthrown in turn in 1990 by his general Idriss Déby. Related: Chadian. The Sahara lies in the country's northern third. Poor already, the nation and people struggled to accommodate the hundreds of thousands of Sudanese refugees who live in and around camps in eastern Chad. The people of Chad have customarily disdained modern music. Alcoholic beverages, though absent in the north, are popular in the south, where people drink millet beer, known as billi-billi when brewed from red millet, and as coshate when from white millet. [31] Oil exploitation began in Chad in 2003, bringing with it hopes that Chad would, at last, have some chances of peace and prosperity. The north is inhabited by nomads, mostly Toubous. The power of Kanem and its successors was based on control of the trans-Saharan trade routes that passed through the region. © 2000- 2021 Swyrich Corporation, all rights reserved. Prefects administer the 61 departments within the regions. Radio has a far greater reach, with 13 private radio stations. [86] In December 2016, Chad passed a law criminalising both male and female same-sex sexual activity by a vote of 111 to 1. Its neighbors are Niger, Libya, the Sudan, the Central African Republic, Cameroon, and Nigeria. Chad is home to over 200 different ethnic and linguistic groups. Islam is expressed in diverse ways; for example, 55% of Muslim Chadians belong to Sufi orders. This move has angered the Chadian government. Government . The lake is of great importance to Chad, Nigeria, Cameroon, and Niger. Lake Chad, after which the country is named (and which in turn takes its name from the Kanuri word for "lake"[43]), is the remains of an immense lake that occupied 330,000 square kilometres (130,000 sq mi) of the Chad Basin 7,000 years ago. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon to the south-west, Nigeria to the southwest (at Lake Chad), and Niger to the west. [113], Civil war crippled the development of transport infrastructure; in 1987, Chad had only 30 kilometres (19 mi) of paved roads. [40] Since 2003, 230,000 Sudanese refugees have fled to eastern Chad from war-ridden Darfur. [93], Since 2012 Chad has been divided into 23 regions. "Tableau des codes des circonscritions – Ministère de l'Intérieur", April 2008. Chad is a landlocked country in Central Africa. Chad is good for parents who want a name that is mesmerizing and delightful. [129], In 2013, the U.S. Department of Labor's Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor[130] in Chad reported that school attendance of children aged 5 to 14 was as low as 39%. Another 87 words (6 lines of text) are included under the topic Early Chad History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible. [16] French rule in Chad was characterised by an absence of policies to unify the territory and sluggish modernisation compared to other French colonies. This can also be related to the issue of child labor as the report also stated that 53% of children aged 5 to 14 were working children, and that 30% of children aged 7 to 14 combined work and school. 0 0. poornakumar b. Lv 7. [40][41] Because of this distance from the sea and the country's largely desert climate, Chad is sometimes referred to as the "Dead Heart of Africa". On the other hand, the Sahel is ideal pastureland for large herds of commercial cattle and for goats, sheep, donkeys and horses. [14], French colonial expansion led to the creation of the Territoire Militaire des Pays et Protectorats du Tchad in 1900. The Chad family name was found in the USA, the UK, Canada, and Scotland between 1840 and 1920. 1972), American former, Gregori Chad Petree, American musician from Shawnee, Oklahoma, Jeffrey Chad Clifton (b. The official name of the country is the Republic of Chad. Get great ideas for baby names from around the world. Ethnic violence in eastern Chad has increased; the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees has warned that a genocide like that in Darfur may yet occur in Chad. Answer Save. In 1979 the rebel factions led by Hissène Habré took the capital, and all central authority in the country collapsed. Last year it ranked 897th in the U.S. Social Security Administration list of most popular baby boy names. [40][98], Before the development of oil industry, cotton dominated industry and the labour market accounted for approximately 80% of export earnings. There have also been reports of gold-bearing quartz in the Biltine Prefecture. [10], Chad is a religiously diverse country. [41], Chad's animal and plant life correspond to the three climatic zones. [3] The country's population is young: an estimated 47.3% is under 15. With the 172,600 Chadians displaced by the civil war in the east, this has generated increased tensions among the region's communities. Chad is one of the poorest and most corrupt countries in the world; most inhabitants live in poverty as subsistence herders and farmers. Saudi Arabian funding generally supports social and educational projects and extensive mosque construction. Yearly precipitations throughout this belt are under 50 millimetres (2.0 in); only occasional spontaneous palm groves survive, all of them south of the Tropic of Cancer. Resentment towards his policies in the Muslim north culminated in the eruption of a long-lasting civil war in 1965. [54], Poaching is a serious problem in the country, particularly of elephants for the profitable ivory industry and a threat to lives of rangers even in the national parks such as Zakouma. The surname Chad was first found in Norfolk where they held a family seat from very ancient times, some say well before the Norman Conquest and the arrival of Duke William at Hastings in 1066 A.D. The country's capital is 1,060 kilometres (660 mi) from the nearest seaport, Douala, Cameroon. 1979), retired Australian rules. Chadian–Libyan conflict erupted in 1978 by the Libyan invasion which stopped in 1987 with a French military intervention (Operation Épervier). [88] These forces stormed the capital on 13 April 2006, but were ultimately repelled. Elephants are often massacred in herds in and around the parks by organized poaching. [102] Given the then GDP ($7.095 bln) of the country, military spending was estimated to be about $300 million. In the Celtic origin, Chad means "Defence". Chad had the fourth highest score (behind Sudan) on the Failed State Index of 2012 and as of 2013[update], is ranked fifth. Borne primarily by Catholics, it was a rare name until the 1960s when it started to become more common amongst the general population. 8 years ago. Since 1962, 20 Chadian authors have written some 60 works of fiction. Basketball and freestyle wrestling are widely practiced, the latter in a form in which the wrestlers put on traditional animal hides and cover themselves with dust. [52], Extensive deforestation has resulted in loss of trees such as acacias, baobab, dates and palm trees. The Constitutional Court is headed by nine judges elected to nine-year terms. Since 2003 crude oil has become the country's primary source of export earnings, superseding the traditional cotton industry. ). [94] The subdivision of Chad in regions came about in 2003 as part of the decentralisation process, when the government abolished the previous 14 prefectures. The parastatal is now expected to be privatised. The colonial administration in Chad was critically understaffed and had to rely on the dregs of the French civil service. ", United Nations Commission on Human Rights, "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "Important Bird Areas in Africa and associated islands – Chad", "The Flora of Chad: a checklist and brief analysis", "Crocodiles in the Sahara Desert: An Update of Distribution, Habitats and Population Status for Conservation Planning in Mauritania", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material", "Livestock-wildlife-environment interactions in Chad", "African Elephants Slaughtered in Herds Near Chad Wildlife Park", "Rangers in Isolated Central Africa Uncover Grim Cost of Protecting Wildlife", United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United States Agency for International Development, "COMMISSION DECISION of on the financing of a Global Plan for humanitarian operations from the budget of the European Union in CHAD", Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, "Chad Genetic Diversity Reveals an African History Marked by Multiple Holocene Eurasian Migrations", "Table: Christian Population as Percentages of Total Population by Country", "The World's Muslims: Unity and Diversity", Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project: Chad, Republic of Chad – Public Administration Country Profile, "Commercialisation is destroying community rules", "Chad passes law to make gay sex illegal", "Instability on the March in Sudan, Chad and Central African Republic", Victims of Genocide in Darfur: Past, Present, and Future – Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan, Chad rebels say to resume fight, Deby's promises unmet, A qui Profitent les Dépenses Sociales au Tchad? Une Analyse d'Incidence à Partir des Données d'Enquête, Chad – Community Based Integrated Ecosystem Management Project, "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency", "OHADA.com: The business law portal in Africa", Chad Poverty Assessment: Constraints to Rural Development, "Chad Country Commercial Guide – FY 2005", World Bank, Govt. of Chad Sign Memorandum of Understanding on Poverty Reduction, Gateway expands presence in Guinea and Senegal, RESULTS FOR THE 3 MONTH PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2010, Security claims blocking Africa telecom deregulation, Radio Stations | Embassy of the United States Ndjamena, Chad, Newspapers | Embassy of the United States Ndjamena, Chad, "Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor – Chad", "List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor", Symposium on the evaluation of fishery resources in the development and management of inland fisheries, Littérature tchadienne : Jeune mais riche, An interview with Mahamet-Saleh Haroun, writer and director of Abouna ("Our Father"), World Population Prospects: The 2006 Revision Population Database, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights, African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, Community of Sahel–Saharan States (CEN-SAD), Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique, Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chad&oldid=1008579841, Arabic-speaking countries and territories, French-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, States and territories established in 1960, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2013, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2008, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with TDVİA identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The GDP (purchasing power parity) per capita was estimated as US$1,651 in 2009. Republic. The southern, or Sudanic, zone consists of broad grasslands or prairies suitable for grazing. Chad. [106][107] Over 80% of Chad's population relies on subsistence farming and livestock raising for its livelihood. Middlesex had the highest population of Chad families in 1891. [64] Although violence against women is prohibited, domestic violence is common. Removing this item from your shopping cart will remove your associated sale items. [40] The constitution provides for a secular state and guarantees religious freedom; different religious communities generally co-exist without problems. Chad is a name that's been used primarily by parents who are considering baby names for boys. While many political parties are active, power lies firmly in the hands of President Déby and his political party, the Patriotic Salvation Movement. Chad has also been included on Presidential Proclamation 9645, the expanded version of United States president Donald Trump's Executive Order 13780, which restricts entry by nationals from 8 countries, including Chad, into the US. Chad ranked number 148 out of 148 overall in the 2014 NRI ranking, down from 142 in 2013. Understand it all by viewing our, Family Crest Image (JPG) Heritage Series - 600 DPI, Family Crests and Genealogy: how they relate, Sarah Chad, who landed in Maryland in 1663, Mr. Chad, who landed in San Francisco, California in 1851, David Chad, who arrived in San Francisco, California in 1851, William Chad Zerbe (b. Search first names by origin and find the meaning and history behind your favorite first names. [117] An international airport serves the capital and provides regular nonstop flights to Paris and several African cities. [79] Correspondents judged the 2006 presidential elections a mere formality, as the opposition deemed the polls a farce and boycotted them. For that reason, spelling variations are commonly found in early Anglo-Saxon surnames. There was a bishop in the middle ages named Chad. [10][18][19], Two years later, Tombalbaye banned opposition parties and established a one-party system. [55] As part of the national conservation effort, more than 1.2 million trees have been replanted to check the advancement of the desert, which incidentally also helps the local economy by way of financial return from acacia trees, which produce gum arabic, and also from fruit trees. In practice, the president exercises considerable influence over the National Assembly through his party, the Patriotic Salvation Movement (MPS), which holds a large majority. In the 7th millennium BCE, ecological conditions in the northern half of Chadian territory favored human settlement, and its population increased considerably. Since 2003 the Darfur crisis in Sudan has spilt over the border and destabilised the nation. Déby relies on the French to help repel the rebels, and France gives the Chadian army logistical and intelligence support for fear of a complete collapse of regional stability. [65] In 2005, opposition parties and human rights organisations supported the boycott of the constitutional referendum that allowed Déby to stand for re-election for a third term[78] amid reports of widespread irregularities in voter registration and government censorship of independent media outlets during the campaign. The Anglo-Saxon name Chad comes from the Old English personal name Ceadd, also rendered as Ceadda. This was about 47% of all the recorded Chad's in the UK. In May 2013, security forces in Chad foiled a coup against President Idriss Déby that had been in preparation for several months. In 1965, Muslims in the north, led by the National Liberation Front of Chad (French: Front de libération nationale du Tchad, FRONILAT), began a civil war. [121] In September 2013, Chad's Ministry for Posts and Information & Communication Technologies (PNTIC) announced that the country will be seeking a partner for fiber optic technology. [84], In southern Chad, bitter conflicts over land are becoming more and more common. In its Old English form, it was a boy’s name and strongly tied to battle and war, hence the meanings listed above. Its origin is "Old English". (December 1992); "S.H. In Jamaican origin the meaning of name Chad is : Battle, Warrior Only the Sara of the south was governed effectively; French presence in the Islamic north and east was nominal. Long-standing community culture is being eroded – and so are the livelihoods of many farmers. Chad had a 2018 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 6.18/10, ranking it 83rd globally out of 172 countries. Two other states in the region, Sultanate of Bagirmi and Wadai Empire emerged in the 16th and 17th centuries. The region became a crossroads of civilizations. [123], Chad's television audience is limited to N'Djamena. The second origin story comes from a bishop in Mercia who lived between 634–672 AD. [73], Roman Catholics represent the largest Christian denomination in the country. He was overthrown in turn in 1990 by his … In addition, there have been various conflicts with Khartoum's Janjaweed rebels in eastern Chad, who killed civilians by use of helicopter gunships. [132][134], As in other Sahelian countries, literature in Chad has seen an economic, political and spiritual drought that has affected its best known writers. But, the rebel commanders fought amongst themselves until Hissène Habré defeated his rivals. Among the most internationally renowned writers are Joseph Brahim Seïd, Baba Moustapha, Antoine Bangui and Koulsy Lamko. 1976), American offensive lineman for the Green Bay Packers, Bryce Chad Salvador (b. [53] This has also caused loss of natural habitat for wild animals; one of the main reasons for this is also hunting and livestock farming by increasing human settlements. The president has the power to appoint the prime minister and the cabinet, and exercises considerable influence over appointments of judges, generals, provincial officials and heads of Chad's para-statal firms. This was about 47% of all the recorded Chad's in the UK. Armed factions, many from the north's rebellion, contended for power. [32], In 2006 Déby won a third mandate in elections that the opposition boycotted. Favorite Answer. By 1920, France had secured full control of the colony and incorporated it as part of French Equatorial Africa. [81] Corruption is rife at all levels; Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index for 2005 named Chad (tied with Bangladesh) as the most corrupt country in the world. [139] Haroun's film Abouna was critically acclaimed, and his Daratt won the Grand Special Jury Prize at the 63rd Venice International Film Festival. [40] Although in the 21st century it covers only 17,806 square kilometres (6,875 sq mi), and its surface area is subject to heavy seasonal fluctuations,[44] the lake is Africa's second largest wetland. [40], Chad is bounded to the north by Libya, to the east by Sudan, to the west by Niger, Nigeria and Cameroon, and to the south by the Central African Republic. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}15°N 19°E / 15°N 19°E / 15; 19. [82] Chad's ranking on the index has improved only marginally in recent years. [13] In Kanem, about a third of the population were slaves. Alternate spellings for Chad? With no railways of its own, Chad depends heavily on Cameroon's rail system for the transport of Chadian exports and imports to and from the seaport of Douala.[116]. St. Chad was a 7th-century archbishop of York. [67], Chad has more than 200 distinct ethnic groups,[68] which create diverse social structures. See Terms of Use for details. However, in 1995 greater interest has developed and fostered the distribution of CDs and audio cassettes featuring Chadian artists. [89] Nevertheless, Franco-Chadian relations were soured by the granting of oil drilling rights to the American Exxon company in 1999. Unlike most Old English personal names, this name remained in use for a substantial length of time after the Norman Conquest. In 1979 the rebels conquered the capital and put an end to the South's hegemony. [10][40], In the south live sedentary people such as the Sara, the nation's main ethnic group, whose essential social unit is the lineage. Since then the trend has been upwards each year. [41] About half of the nation's population lives in the southern fifth of its territory, making this the most densely populated region. How to work from home: The ultimate WFH guide; Feb. 10, 2021. [132], Millet is the staple food of Chadian cuisine. [118], The music of Chad includes a number of instruments such as the kinde, a type of bow harp; the kakaki, a long tin horn; and the hu hu, a stringed instrument that uses calabashes as loudspeakers. Borne primarily by Catholics, it was a rare name until the 1960s when it started to become more common amongst the … In the southernmost 10% of the territory lies the nation's most fertile cropland, with rich yields of sorghum and millet. Successive road rehabilitation projects improved the network[114] to 550 kilometres (340 mi) by 2004. Animism includes a variety of ancestor and place-oriented religions whose expression is highly specific. In the Sahel only the hardier varieties of millet grow, and these with much lower yields than in the south. The Chadian government has actively promoted Chadian culture and national traditions by opening the Chad National Museum and the Chad Cultural Centre. The Republic of Chad is located in the “dead heart of Africa”. Gateway Communications, a pan-African wholesale connectivity and telecommunications provider also has a presence in Chad. In 2000, there were only 14 fixed telephone lines per 10,000 inhabitants in the country, one of the lowest telephone densities in the world.[118]. In the Sahel sedentary peoples live side by side with nomadic ones, such as the Arabs, the country's second major ethnic group. The National Assembly must approve the prime minister's plan of government and may force the prime minister to resign through a majority vote of no confidence. [38][68], An uneven inclusion into the global political economy as a site for colonial resource extraction (primarily cotton and crude oil), a global economic system that does not promote nor encourage the development of Chadian industrialization,[105] and the failure to support local agricultural production has meant that the majority of Chadians live in daily uncertainty and hunger.

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